CD measures the differential absorption of the left and right hand components of circularly polarized light.  The Jasco covers the 163 nm to 900 nm wavelength range.  This system also has a flow cell that allows for kinetic studies in a stop flow mode. CD is used to study molecules that have secondary structure such as b-sheet and a-helical structures in proteins, DNA and some large molecular assemblies. The normal sample configuration is a standard 1 cm x 1 cm cuvette.

       The Shimadzu UV-2401 UV-VIS spectrophotometer is a standard research-grade UV-VIS, capable of scanning from 190-900 nm. The resolution is 0.1 nm with the bandwidth selectable from 0.1 nm - 5 nm and a range of scanning speeds. The software is capable of acquiring data in spectrum mode, as well as photometric and kinetic data.

       There are two cell attachments available besides the standard 2-cell sample/reference holder. There is a 12-cell sample changer that will hold standard 1 cm x 1 cm cuvettes with optional stirring and temperature control, as well as a 16-microcell sample changer with temperature control that can hold from 70-100 uL of sample in each compartment. 

       This polarimeter will determine optical rotation through +/- 89° arc with a resolution of .001°. There are filters for observing at 365, 405, 436, 546, 589, or 633 nm.